721例医院感染相关因素分析

Nosocomial Infection and Its Correlating Factors: A 721 Case Analysis

目的 为揭示医院感染因素间的相互关系 ,给预防和控制医院感染提供可靠依据。方法 对我院 1999年6月～ 2 0 0 0年 5月间住院病例进行流行病学调查 ,共获得医院感染病例 72 1例。结果 不同年龄段患者医院感染率差异有显著性 ;医院感染多发生在住院后 3～ 4周 ,占 33.84 % ;医院感染患者原发病以恶性肿瘤的发病率最高 ,占 16 .2 3% ;医院感染病原菌主要为条件致病菌 ,以革兰阴性菌为主 ,占 4 8.0 6 %。结论 不合理使用抗感染药物和激素、侵袭性操作、免疫功能低下是发生医院感染的高危因素 ,另外病房管理、医护人员重视程度亦很重要。

OBJECTIVE To reveal the interrelationship of the factors associated with nosocomial infection, in order to prevent and control it. METHODS Give epidemiological investigation to inpatients of our hospital between July 1999 and May 2000 and get 721 nosocomial infection cases. RESULTS The infection rate of nosocomial infection is significantly different among age groups; most nosocomial infection occurs during 3-4 weeks after hospitalization; among nosocomial infection patients the most common premier disease is tumor (16.23%); main pathogen of nosocomial infection is opportunistic bacteria and most of them are Gram-negative (48.06%). CONCLUSIONS Irrational use of anti-microbials and hormone, invasive operations and immunologic inadequacy are high risk factors for nosocomial infection. Besides, the management of the ward and the degree of doctors and nurses paying attention to it are also important.