急性脑卒中患者医院感染病原体分析

Pathogens of Nosocomial Infection in Patients with Stroke

目的 探讨脑卒中患者医院感染病原体的构成及耐药情况 ,旨在指导临床合理用药。方法 对 1997年1月 1日～ 2 0 0 1年 12月 31日 ,5年间收治的 385 6例急性脑卒中患者进行监测 ,对确诊医院感染者 4 86例的主要病原体进行药敏试验。结果 医院感染发病率为 12 .6 0 % ,主要部位为下呼吸道 ,占 37.0 8% ,其次为泌尿道 ,占 34.0 4 % ;引起医院感染的病原体以G-菌为主 ,占 4 1.38% ,G+ 菌占 30 .72 % ,真菌占 2 7.90 % ,耐药菌株不断增加。结论 加强对细菌耐药性的监测 ,合理选用抗菌药物 ,是减少或延缓耐药菌株的产生的关键措施。

OBJECTIVE To explore the composition and drug-resistance of the pathogens of nosocomial infection in patients with stroke. METHODS A total of 3 856 hospitalized patients with stroke were monitored in our hospital from Jan 1 1997 to Dec 31 2001. The drug sensitivity test was done for 486 cases of nosocomial infection. RESULTS It showed that the incidence of nosocomial infection was 12.60%. The nosocomial lower respiratory tract infection was the highest(37.08%), the second one was the urinary tract(34.04%). The main pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria(41.38%), then Gram-positive ones and fungi. Drug-resistant strains had increased. CONCLUSIONS It is suggested that there be urgent need for surveillance of bacterial resistance and reasonable use of antibiotics, which can reduce or postpone development of drug-resistant strains.