65例感染性心内膜炎的临床分析和外科治疗

CLINICAL ANALYSIS AND SURGERY MANAGEMENT OF 65 CASE OF INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS

为探讨感染性心内膜炎的临床特征和外科治疗经验 ,回顾性分析了 1 997年 1月～ 2 0 0 2年 6月经手术治疗的感染性心内膜炎患者 6 5例 ,其中男 4 4例 ,女 2 1例 ,年龄 9～ 6 8(平均 34.3)岁。术前血培养 5 5例 ,阳性 2 0例 ,其中葡萄球菌 9例 ,链球菌 8例 ,其他细菌3例。超声心动图显示有心内膜赘生物 6 2例 ,其中二尖瓣 1 9例 ,主动脉瓣 31例 ,肺动脉瓣 5例 ,三尖瓣 5例 ,佛氏窦口 2例。 6 5例中主动脉瓣置换 2 2例 ,二尖瓣置换 1 3例 ,双瓣置换 5例 ,二尖瓣成形 3例 ,同时处理房间隔缺损 2例、室间隔缺损 1 4例、佛氏窦瘤破裂 3例、法洛四联症 1例、动脉导管未闭 2例。术后早期住院死亡 4例 (6 1 % ) ,获随访 5 6例(91 % ) ,随访时间 6～ 6 9(平均 30 4 )个月 ,2例主动脉瓣置换病人分别在术后 1年、3年发生人工瓣膜心内膜炎 ,均死于充血性心力衰竭和败血症 ,余 5 4例无感染复发。术后 1、3、5年生存率分别为 96 .6 %、90 1 %、90 1 %。提示早期诊断 。

This paper is to analyze the clinical features of infective endocarditis (IE) and summarize the experience of surgical treatment. The retrospective review was based on 65 consecutive patients, who fulfilled the Duck criteria of the diagnosis of endocarditis, admitted from Jan 1997 to Jun 2002. There were 44 males and 21 females, with age ranged from 9 to 68 years. Pre operative blood cultures were positive in 20 out of 55 patients(45%), with Streptococcus in 8 (45%). Staphylococcus in 9 (40%), and other bacteria in 3 (15%). Echo cardiography revealed vegetations in 62 cases, involving the mitral valve in 19 cases, aortic valve in 31 case, pulmonary valve in 5 cases, tricuspid valve in 5 cases, and valsalva sinus in 2 cases. Among 65 patients, aortic valve replacement was performed in 22, mitral valve replacement in 13, combined aortic and mitral valve replacements in 5, mitral valve plasty in 3, repair of atrial septal defect in 2, ventricular septal defects in 14, rupture of Valsalva sinus in 3, correction of tetralogy of Fallot in 1, patent ductus arteriosus in 2. Four patients died in hospital. 56 patients (91%) were followed up for 6 months to 69 months. Two patients with replacement of aortic valve died 1 and 3 years later due to congestive heart failure and sepsis. In the other 54 patient, no recurrent infection was found. One year, 3 year, and 5 year survival rates were 96 6%, 90 1%,90 1%, respectively. The results suggest that urgent early diagnosis and optimal surgical intervention play key role in successful treatment of infective endocarditis.