丙烯酰胺与长链季铵盐共聚树脂的制备与性能

Preparation and Properties of the Copolymer of Acrylamide and Long Chain Alkyl Quaternary Ammonium Salt

采用长链烷基烯丙基二甲基氯化铵(RADM)和丙烯酰胺为原料,过硫酸钾为引发剂,N,N′ 亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,水溶液聚合法制备了高吸水性树脂,并对最佳反应条件进行了研究。得到最佳条件:x(交联剂)=0 2%、x(RADM)=1 5%～2 5%、n(引发剂)∶n(总单体)=1∶2000、反应温度70℃、反应时间4h。在此条件下制备的共聚树脂在室温吸去离子水达自身质量的535倍,吸w(NaCl)=0 9%的盐水溶液达63倍;树脂溶胀平衡后在106Pa的压力下的保水率大于80%;树脂在溶胀后分别与含金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的含菌液接触8h,抗菌率大于75%。

A series of superabsorbent copolymers were prepared from acrylamide and long chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salt with allyl structure alkylallyldimethylammonium chloride (RADM) by solution polymerization,using potassium persulfate (KPS) as initiator and N,N′methylenebisacrylamide (NMBA) as crosslinker.The optimum reaction conditions were determined,ie,x(NMBA)=02%,x(RADM)=15%-25%,n(KPS)∶n(total monomer)=1∶2000,reaction temperature 70 ℃ and reaction time 4 h.Under these conditions the copolymer obtained can absorb 535 g deionized water or 63 g NaCl solution 〔w(NaCl)=09%〕 per gram.The copolymers obtained were inhibitory to the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.The antibacterial ratio of the copolymers exceeded 75% when they were immersed in NaCl solution 〔w(NaCl)=09%〕 to reach equilibrium and contacted with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus for 8 h.