摘要
否定副词“没”、“没有”早于 15世纪已出现 ,《朱子语类》、《张协状元》等文献中已有用例。唐宋时“没”所表示的“消失”、“失去”义由具体趋于抽象 ,“无”的白读音与“没”趋于相近 ,“无”的“没有”义融入了“没” ,“没”渐取代“无”而成为否定动词。“没”、“没有”由动词演变为副词是一个连续的渐变的语法化过程。用于正反问句末尾的“没”、“没有”与语气词“么”也有一定的关系。
The negative adverb 'Mei' and 'Meiyou' appeared before the fifteenth century. They were used in ZhuZiYuLei and ZhangXieZhuangYuan . During Tang and Song Dynasties, the meaning of 'disappear' and 'lose' in 'Mei' was shifted from concrete to abstract and the pronunciation of 'Wu' was similar to 'Mei', so 'Mei' represented 'Wu' and became a negative verb. There has been a continuous change in the parts of speech from a verb to an adverb in the negative 'Mei' and 'Meiyou'. The mood word 'Me' also has some relation with the negative 'Mei' and 'Meiyou'.
出处
《湖州师范学院学报》
2003年第1期1-6,共6页
Journal of Huzhou University
关键词
否定动词
否定副词
“没”
“没有”
“无”
演变
语法化
“么”
negative verb
negative adverb
'Mei'(没)
'Meiyou'(没有)
'Wu'(无)
evolution
grammaticalization
'Me'(么)
