现代大地测量学的进展

On the development of modern geodesy

经典大地测量学主要研究地球的几何形状、定向及其重力场,并关注在地球上点的定位、重力值。现代大地测量则已超过原来经典的研究内容,将原来所考虑的静态内容,在长距离、大范围、实时和高精度测量的条件下,和时间(历元)这一因素联系起来。此外,现代大地测量学提供和处理了涉及原来是地球动力学、行星学、大气学、海洋学、板块运动学和冰川学等学科所需的信息。现代大地测量学可以并已经涉及多种学科领域,并提供多种学科领域长期以来很难取得的数值和有可能解决它们相应的困惑,事实证明现代大地测量学业已形成了学科交叉意义上的一门科学,它将更大地影响和促进地球科学、环境科学和行星科学的发展。

Scientific object of classical geodesy mainly is the determination of the geometric figure, orientation and gravity field of the earth, as well as the positioning, gravity of the points on the earth surface. Whereas the object of modern geodesy is far beyond the object mentioned. All the data in modern geodesy are connected closely with the 4 dimensions: time (epoch) under the condition of long distance, large scope,real time and high accuracy geodetic measurement. Besides now modern geodesy becomes an interdisciplinary geodetic science, and it can provide and process the information necessary for other geosciences, such as geodynamics, planetology, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, tectonic movement and glaciology and so on. The modern geodesy can also provide the data which are usually difficult collected and achieved by the other geosciences mentioned. Now the valuable data may solve some problems which are difficult solved in these geosciences before. As a matter of fact modern geodesy becomes an interdisciplinary geoscience, and it will give more influence and promotion on the other geosciences, planet sciences, and environment sciences.