持续性全球多重覆盖的圆轨道导航星座的设计

Designing on circular orbit constellation of global continuous multiple coverage

首先描述卫星覆盖的理论以及卫星星下点在地面上的轨迹规律,然后根据导航星座的特点,通过对星座基本参数特点的讨论,并在参考GPS和GLONASS星座的基础上,确定了导航星座的构成。最后,在理论上证明了最小覆盖性的条件,随着模拟实际数据进行了验证。

This paper discusses the design of circular constellation. It is global navigation constellation, so must be at least four times coverage on the earth at any time. The global navigation constellation has many characteristics, such as, high orbit, don't allowing for rotation of earth, etc. Firstly, the paper analyzes the theory of coverage, including one satellite and two satellites and many satellites, explains the ribbon of coverage of many satellites. Then, it accounts for the track of satellites on the earth, discusses equations of two kinds of orbit situation. It includes allowing for rotation of earth and don't allowing for it. And then, it analyzes each parameter (the height of orbit, the obliquity of orbit, the numbers of satellites, the numbers of orbit, the phase of each orbit and the phase of each satellite.) of the navigation constellation, discusses their rules and impact on the constellation. Sequentially, it confirms all parameters via their characteristics. Finally, the paper proves the constellation meeting all conditions, but also testifies it. At the end of the paper, it points out that since the earth is not a regular circle ball, even ellipse ball, we must allow for it. When satellites rotate the earth, the gravity of many celestial bodies act on them. So their orbits will have little biases. The constellation must have spare satellites, so must confirm their positions and phases.