无验潮模式下的GPS水下地形测量技术

The GPS hydrographic technology without traditional tide observation

传统的水下地形测量模式定型于利用GPS测定水底点的平面位置,利用测深仪测定水底点的深度,附之以瞬时潮位资料,获得点位的高程。这种模式在上述条件具备的情况下,可取得完满的结果。但当验潮条件不具备时,该模式将不能获得测点的高程。为了弥补这一缺陷,简化工作流程,提高水下地形测量的精度,本文提出了一种无验潮模式下的水下地形测量思想,该思想不用专门测定潮位,而直接利用GPS的RTK测量技术,辅之以姿态测量和补偿,从而获得高精度的水底点高程。该方法被验证是正确的,希望进一步推广应用。

The traditional hydrographic model is that plane position is determined by GPS,and depth is observed by echo sounding system, under the condition of possession of tide observation datum,the height point under water can be gotten. If the datum and observation data all be possessed,the satisfying result can be gotten. However,if we have not got these tidal datum, the points'height can not be achieved. In order to overcome the shortcoming and make the operational procedure simply, a kind of new hydrographic surveying method is presented in the paper.Based on GPS RTK technology, the tidal level can be determined by GPS real time.If the attitude parameders can be observed real time too,the attitued compensation for depth surveying can be done. By above processing,the points'height can be got real time. The accuracy of height is higher than that from traditional method.