中国盾叶薯蓣主要居群种质分析

ANALYSIS ON QUALITY OF SOME MAIN POPULATIONS OF DIOSCOREA ZINGIBERENSIS IN CHINA

应用反相高效液相色谱法(RP HPLC)对中国重要的甾体激素药源植物盾叶薯蓣具有代表性的9个野生居群和3个栽培居群的薯蓣皂苷元含量进行了测定,分析了经引种至江苏南京栽培1a后各居群薯蓣皂苷元含量变化、根茎的年生长量以及根茎含水量。结果表明:薯蓣皂苷元含量及其栽培前后含量变化与盾叶薯蓣种质有关,不同种质之间差异较大;栽培居群根茎生长量明显高于野生居群。薯蓣皂苷元含量及其变化与根茎中水分含量无明显相关性。薯蓣皂苷元含量的遗传稳定性应作为优良种质筛选的首要标准。

By RPHPLC method,diosgenin content of Dioscorea zingiberensis collected from 9 wild populations and 3 cultured populations in China were determined.The change of diosgenin content and weight of rhizoma were also tested after introduced from their native sites to Nanjing,Jiangsu Province and cultivated for a year.The result showed that diosgenin content in a year and the annual enlargement of root vary among different populations.D.zingiberensis of cultured populations has significant root enlargement and less diosgenin content than those of wild populations.In addition,the diosgenin content and its change are not correlated with water content.It concludes that the hereditary maintance of diosgenin content should be considered as the principal criterion in selection of cultivar.