全混合饲料对舍饲绵羊的育肥研究

Studies on fattening yard feeding sheep using total mixed feed

针对国家保护草地生态环境和退耕还林还草的政策,各地实施封山禁牧舍饲养羊。据此对舍饲条件下绵羊利用精粗比例为6∶4、5∶5和4∶6的全混合饲料的育肥效果、经济效益、养分消化进行了对比分析。结果表明,对照组、试验 、 、 组供试羊每增重1g需日粮干物质量分别为17.66、4.84、4.54和6.39g,试验 组的饲料利用率最高;经过60d的育肥,对照组的经济效益出现负值,试验 组的全期效益最高,比对照组提高143%(P<0.01),比试验 组效益提高32.4%(P<0.05),比试验 组提高62.16%(P<0.01);使用TMR肥育绵羊与对照组相比,DM、OM、CP和GE的消化率有不同程度的提高,对NDF和ADF的消化有所下降;随着精料比例的增加,TMR的DM、OM、CP和GE的表观消化率有一定的提高,但提高的幅度不是很大,甚至于精料水平在50%以上时表现出差异不显著。总之,全混合饲料育肥绵羊效果均优于农民传统饲养方式,精粗比例为5∶5的全混合饲料效果最佳。

Rest grazing and yard feeding were carried out according to the national policy on protecting ecological environment of grassland and inverting cultivation to forest or grassland. The liveweight change of sheep, economic benefit and nutrient digestion were analyzed, when yard feeding sheep were fed total mixed feed at different ratio of concentrate to roughage(6∶4,5∶5,4∶6). The results showed: The feed conversion rate in control group and trial group Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ was 17.66%,4.84%,4.54%, and 6.39%,respectively. The economic benefit in control group was negative value during 60 days. The economic benefit in trial group Ⅱ was higher than that in control group , trial group Ⅰ and Ⅲ by 143%(P<0.01),32.4%(P<0.05)and 62.16%(P<0.01),respectively. The apparent digestibility of DM, OM, CP and GE was improved and the digestibility NDF and ADF decreased in trial group, compared to the control group .The apparent digestibility of DM, OM, CP and GE of total mixed feed was increased in small range . For fattening sheep, the total mixed feed was better than the traditional feeding , the best ratio of concentrate to roughage was 5∶5.