部分临床护士发生针刺伤情况的调查

Investigation of needlestick injuries among clinical nurses

目的 :了解临床护士针刺伤的发生率、刺伤原因、环节 ,有关防护的概念及安全操作行为等问题。方法 :采用便利抽样对参加全国护理学术会议及北京 7家医院部分临床护士共 10 75名进行回顾性问卷调查。结果 :被调查护士中 86 6人发生过针刺伤 ,发生率 80 .6 %;被调查者年人均刺伤 3.5次 ,其中 74.5 %被污染针头所刺伤 ;操作后整理用物特别在处理使用过的针头时刺伤率高达 36 .0 %;护士在取静脉血及输液时戴手套率很低 ,仅 7.7%,回套针帽率高达 5 7.0 %;在刺伤发生后向上级做了汇报的仅占 10 .2 %。结论 :临床护士防护意识淡漠 ,针刺伤发生率高。因此 ,加强“全面性防护”概念的教育、建立并执行全面性防护措施是当前职业防护面临的紧迫课题。

Objectives: To investigate rate, cause,and course of needlestick injuries, concept of prevention, and safety operation in clinical nurses. Methods: A retrospective questionnaire was distributed to a convenience sample of 1075 clinical nurses who attended national nursing conference.The nurses came from Peking Union Medical College Hospital and other six hospitals in Beijing. Results: Six hundred and twenty-seven nurses (80.6%) suffered needlestick injuries with an average of 3.5 cases per person annually, and needles tainted with blood were the cause of injury in 74.5% of all cases. Forty-two point three percent of injuries occurred when disposed of needles after operation, especially when disposed of used needles. Only 7.7% of nurses wore gloves when draw blood and transfusion, and rate of recapping extended to 57.0%. Only 20.5% of nurses reported to superiors after needlestick injuries occurred. Conclusion: The preventive consciousness of clinical nurses was indifferent. Rate of needlestick injuries was high. Therefore, it is an important task of occupational prevention to improve the education of concept of ”Universal precautions”, to establish and implement. ”Universal precautions”