清代流放刑罚概说

A Brief Discussion about Banishment in Qing Dynasty

为适应中国社会的需要,流放刑罚自远古时期产生以来,就不断递延变迁,迄至清代,已经发展成为包括流刑、迁徙、充军和发遣等在内的多种类型的综合性刑罚。与此同时,为适应清代社会发展的需要,清廷还通过附加刑和替代刑对流放刑罚加以调节。作为清代最为重要的刑罚之一,流放对于清代的政治和社会产生了重大影响。本文从清代典制和档案资料出发,对清代流放刑罚进行梳理,力求重新认识清代的流放制度,以便在此基础上,恢复清代的"法律帝国"。

To meet the need for the development of Chinese society, banishment had changed greatly and diversified.Up to the Qing Dynasty, it had development to a complex of penalties including regular exile (liu),penal migration(qianxi),military exile(chongjun)and frontier banishment(faqian or waiqian).At the same time,to adapted itself to Qing's social development,the court also used accessory punishment and substitute penalty to adjust.As one of the most important penalties in the Qing Dynasty,banishment had great influence on Qing's politics and society.This thesis coordinates Qing's banishment from decrees and regulations as well as archives,and tries to achieve a brand new understanding of Qing's banishment.On the basis of the new understanding,it attempts to resume Qing's'Law Empire'.