论原因中自由的行为的成立

On the Constitute of Actio Libera in Causa

无论是故意犯罪还是过失犯罪,无论是作为犯罪还是不作为犯罪,无论是自陷于无责任能力状态还是自陷于限制责任能力状态,皆有"原因中自由的行为"法理适用之可能。"原因中自由的行为"的法理并不与故意、过失、不作为犯罪的理论相冲突;恰恰相反,只有真正适用"原因中自由的行为"的法理,才能够说明为什么对行为人无完全责任能力状态下故意、过失、不作为的行为要追究完全的刑事责任。对醉酒犯罪等"原因中自由的行为"应当规范性地分析行为人的主观心态,来确定是故意犯罪还是过失犯罪。若行为人对原因行为具有故意,同时对某一特定犯罪也具有故意,并且行为人的具体犯罪故意能够一以贯之地在结果行为阶段得到体现,则成立故意的原因中自由的行为。若行为人对原因行为出于故意或者过失,同时对某一特定犯罪也具有过失,并且结果行为阶段行为人的过失支配了特定犯罪结果的发生,则成立过失的原因中自由的行为。否则,根据我国现行刑法,不成立任何犯罪。

Whether intentional crime or negligent crime,whether the positive crime or passive crime,whether sink into a state of whole irresponsibility or sink into a state of limit responsibility by oneself,it is probable that'actio libera in causa'can be applied.'Actio libera in causa'does not conflict to the theory of intentional crime,negligent crime and passive crime.Just to the opposite,only applying'actio libera in causa'can understand why under limited liability' s state' s behavior must investigate completely criminal responsibility.Those behavior similar to'actio libera in causa'should normally analyse subjective psychology of actor and make according to concrete conditions different to assert:If actor have an purpose to reason behavior and to a certain specific crime at the same time,and the concrete crime purpose can afford to run through it all,it will constitute'actio libera in causa'of intention.If actor has intention or negligence to reason behavior,at the same time has no intention to a certain specific crime,and at result behavior' s stage the unintentional actor is embodied finally,it will constitute'actio libera in causa'of negligent.Otherwise,no crime will be constituted.