大豆适宜密度条件下群体产量的相对稳定性分析

THE RELATIVE STABILITY OF SOYBEAN COMMUNITY YIELD UNDER GIVEN OPTIMUM DENSITIES

采用裂区试验设计,以5个品种(吉林20,21,22,26,27号)为主区,设4个播种密度(16,18,20,22株/平方米)为副区,分析了各品种不同密度条件下群体产量差异的显著性及其个体植株产量因素和主要性状的反应。结果表明,4个密度对各品种群体产量基本无显著的影响;对构成群体产量的基本因素单株产量、荚数/株、粒数/株以及分枝数均有显著的影响,但对百粒重和粒数/荚的影响则不显著。在适宜的密度幅度条件下,大豆群体产量不随密度而显著提高或下降,主要是由于单株产量(包括粒数和荚数/株)的调节作用,与百粒重,粒数/荚的关系不大。

Plant density in a crop community is an important determinant of yield.However,the yield po-tential of soybeans was not changed at the so-called optimum plant densities,from 16～22 plants/m^2.Field experiments of split-plot design,in which 5 soybean cultivars were taken as the main plotand 4 plant densities as sub-plot,were conducted to determine the possible reason of the relative sta-bility of soybean yield.It was shown that the yield of plot community for each of the cultivars wasnot increased significantly with the density increase from 16 to 92 plants/m^2.This is due to the de-crease of the yield/plant,including pods and seeds/plant with the increase of the density but not100-seed weight and seeds/plant.