爆裂玉米性状相关分析与高产育种

CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF AGRONOMIC TRAITS AND ITS IMPLICATION IN BREEDING FOR HIGH-YIELDING POPCORN

本文应用1991年127个爆裂玉米自交系的田间试验结果,分析了16个主要农艺性状之间的相关关系及其对吉林省爆裂玉米育种的指导意义。结果表明,在诸多农艺性状中,单株穗数、秃尖度、穗粒重和穗长对爆裂玉米单株产量的形成起着至关重要的决定性作用。在吉林省生态条件下,选育高产爆裂玉米自交系、品种或杂文种的理想株型是多穗、秃尖少、单穗粒重高和果穗长。此外,爆粒率和膨胀倍数等品质特性与产量之间相关不显著,可单独进行改良。选育早熟品种不至于造成产量的降低。

Correlation analysis of 16 agronomic traits was made with 127 popcorn inbreds. Resuits showed that number of ears/plant, seed weight/ear, degree of ear baldness and ear length of those traits, play the most important role in grain yield formation, Less baldness of ears, more ears/plant, high grain, weight/plant and long ear should be desired for yield breeding in the biotype of Jilin province. Moreover, popseed percentage and times of expansion are not significantly correlated with grain yield. Breeding for high grain yield does not necessarily lead to decrease of seed quality, and selection for high-yielding and early maturity at the same time is possible.