黄土高原地区提倡节水型水土保持

Advocate Developing Soil and Water Conservation with Water-saving in the Loess Plateau

基于黄土高原几十年的治理成就和经验,对干旱和半干旱地区的水土保持建设进行再认识,指出水土保持措施的减水作用不容忽视,乔木林要适度种植,治坡和治沟是互相依存和互相补充的关系,在西部地区开发建设中注重生态环境建设,避免基础设施建设中的水土流失。从全流域整体考虑,在黄土高原地区应提倡节水型水土保持,并重点治理多沙粗沙区,依据植物的群落特征和地带性理论,因地制宜进行林草建设,尽量选择耐旱的林草,少种高耗水量的植被,工程措施中不同规模淤地坝应建有排水设施,做到淤沙排水,以达到节水的目的。

Based on the past 50 years' harnessing achievement and experience of the Loess Plateau, the soil and water conservation in the Arid or Semi-arid region has been re-analyzed. It indicates that the reduction of runoff from soil and water conservation should not be neglected, arbor plants should be planted moderately, relation between the engineering works of gully and the biological measures of the slope land is interdependent. Water and soil loss in construction of fundamental facilities should be prevented as soon as possible in the great development of western China. In the view of the whole watershed, soil and water conservation with water-saving is advocated, and the harnessing emphasis might be the sedimentary and coarse-sediment area on the Loess Plateau. According to community characteristics of vegetation and zone distribution theory, it is necessary to adjust measures to local conditions in afforestation and grass planting, choose grass or trees enduring drought and barren but high water-consuming vegetation, construct drainage installation in check dams with different scale for sediment and drainage.