中国工业与自然环境腐蚀调查

Current Investigation into the Corrosion Cost in China

利用Uhlig方法和Hoar方法调查了近年来中国工业和自然环境腐蚀损失和腐蚀控制的现状,其中包括能源、交通、建筑、机械、化工、基础设施、水利和军事设施等典型的行业和企业。用两种方法所得到的年腐蚀损失结果相近,分别为2048亿元和2288亿元人民币。如果包括间接损失,借鉴国外利用国民经济投入/产出表的计算结果进行对比,我国每年腐蚀总损失可达4979亿元以上,约占GNP的5％。为了降低腐蚀损失,应如同对待医学和环保一样重视防腐蚀问题,从国家的层面上加强腐蚀管理,进一步制定防腐蚀的国家规划和立法;提出了完善防腐蚀的标准和规范体系以及加强基础研究和腐蚀工程教育的建议。

Abstract: The progress in cost of corrosion study in China was reported and discussed. Cost of corrosion in China is 204.8 billion yuan and 228.8 billion yuan per year, estimated by using Uhlig method and Hoar method respectively, which is equivalent 2%-3% of GNP at 1997-2001. Total cost including indirect and direct cost is extrapolated to be 497.9 bilb'on yuan per year, which is equivalent to 5% of GNP at that time. It is emphasized that a corrosion prevention strategy and authoritative organization is essential to coordinate the actions in the scale of the whole country.