孩子成本效用的拓展分析及其对中国人口转变的解释

Expansion of Cost-effect Analysis of Children and Its Contribution to Demographic Transition in China

在西方微观人口经济理论的基础上 ,通过分析孩子在家庭内的成本效用及社会总成本效用的对比关系 ,揭示出家庭意愿生育水平与社会期望生育水平存在差距的根本原因在于孩子内外部成本效用的不对称。认为生育政策加速中国人口转变的作用机制在于政策的执行改变了家庭内孩子成本效用的对比关系 ,从而有效地影响了家庭生育决策。

The paper analyzes the ratio of cost-effect of children within family and in society. It concludes that the difference in expected fertility level between family and society is the imbalanced cost of children within family and in society. Population policy in China changes the cost-effect of children within family,thus influences the decision of child-bearing within family.