肥育猪消化能需要量研究

DIGESTIBLE ENERGY REQUIREMENT OF FINISHING PIGS

选用体重约52kg的杜× (大×长)猪60头 ,分为6个处理组 ,每个处理组2个重复 ,分别饲以含消化能浓度不同的6组饲粮(各组饲粮中DE与CP、Lys、Met +Cys比例相同) ,研究52～90kg肥育猪DE需要量 ;同时采用体重71kg 的阉公猪36头 ,每组6头进行消化试验 ,测定各组饲粮的DE浓度及其对饲粮养分消化率和氮平衡的影响。结果表明 ,各组饲粮DE浓度分别为13.18、13.59、13.99、14.39、14.79、15.20MJ/kg。粗脂肪消化率随DE浓度的提高而极显著提高(P<0.01) ,当DE浓度从13.18MJ/kg 升高到14.39MJ/kg时 ,能量和干物质消化率极显著提高(P<0.01)、氮消化率和氮存留量显著提高(P<0.05) ,采食量和日增重趋于提高(P>0.05)、DE日摄入量极显著提高(P<0.01) ,进一步提高DE浓度 ,能量、干物质和氮消化率降低(P<0.05)、氮存留量趋于提高(P>0.05)、生产性能未能提高 ;氮存留效率和料重比各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。DE浓度14.79MJ/kg组和15.20MJ/kg组血清甘油三酯和胆固醇含量显著高于其它组(P<0.05) ,DE浓度13.18MJ/kg组血清尿素氮含量显著低于其它组(P<0.05)。DE浓度13.18MJ/kg 组屠宰率略低于其它组(P>0.05)、胴体脂肪率极显著低于13.99MJ/kg 和14.79MJ/kg 组(P<0.01) ;13.18MJ/kg 和14.39MJ/kg组瘦肉率显著高于14.79MJ/kg 组(P<0.

crossbred(Duroc×(Landrace×Yorkshire))pigs weighing52kg were conducted to evaluˉate the effects of different dietary digestible energy(DE)concentration on performances,serum biochemˉical parameters,carcass traits and lean gain of finishing pigs weighing from52to90kg.Crude protein,lysine and methionine+cystine:DE ratios of all trial diets were the same.DE concentration,nutrients diˉgestibility and nitrogen retention of the animals fed the trial diets were determined by digestion trail with36barrows weighing71kg.The results showed that DE concentration of6trial diets were13.18,13.59,13.99,14.39,14.79and15.20MJ/kg respectively.Ether extract digestibility of the trial diets was very significantly(P<0.01)as dietary DE concentration increased.GE,DM digestibility and daily DE intake increased very significantly(P<0.01),N digestibility and N retention increased significantly(P<0.05),daily feed intake and gain trended to increase as dietary DE concentration increased from13.18to14.39 MJ/kg.But only N retention trended to increase as dietary DE concentration increased from14.39to15.20MJ/kg.Serum triglycerides and cholesterol content of pigs offered dietary DE14.79MJ/kg and15.20MJ/kg were higher significantly than the others(P<0.05).Serum urea nitrogen content of pigs offered dietary DE13.18MJ/kg was lower significantly than the others(P<0.05).Dressing percentage of pigs offered dietary DE13.18MJ/kg was lower than the others(P>0.05).Fat percentage of pigs offered dietary DE13.18MJ/kg was lower than those offered dietary DE13.99MJ/kg and14.79MJ/kg(P<0.05).Lean meat percentage of pigs offered dietary DE13.18MJ/kg and14.39MJ/kg was higher significantly than those offered dietary DE14.79MJ/kg(P<0.05).Lean gain of pigs offered dietary DE14.39MJ/kg was higher significantly than all the others besides those offered dietary DE15.20MJ/kg(P<0.05).Fat-free lean gain of pigs offered dietary DE14.39MJ/kg was higher significantly than those offered dietary DE13.99MJ/kg and14.79MJ/kg(P<0.05).Fat percentage of lean of pigs offered dietary DE13.18MJ/kg and13.59MJ/kg was lower than the others(P>0.05).N retention efficiency,feed to gain ratio,backfat thickness,loin-eye area and crude protein,H 2 O,ash percentage of leans of all trail pigs had no significant differences(P>0.05).It was concluded that DE requirement of finishing pigs was39.12MJ/d and14.39MJ/kg.