黄土高原西北部西兰花集雨补灌效应研究

The effect of supplementary rainwater irrigation on broccoli in the Northwest Loess Plateau of China

探讨了在黄土高原西北部地区集雨补灌对西兰花的产量和水分效应 ,结果表明 :西兰花生育期耗水量较小麦、玉米等大田作物少 ,高产水平的耗水量约 2 3 0 mm,集雨水补灌的灌水效率高 ,经济效益好 .在灌溉方式上 ,滴灌比沟灌更能减少土壤水分的消耗 ,增加西兰花的株高、冠幅、花球重、单株茎叶重和产量 ,提高水分利用效率和灌水效率 .在同一灌水方式内 ,不同灌水量处理之间产量差异达极显著水平 ,随灌水量的增加 ,株高、冠幅、花球重和单株茎叶重也呈增加的趋势 .

To investigate the effect of supplementary rainwater irrigation on broccoli,an experiment was conducted in 2000,the results of which showed that the water consumption in broccoli growth period was less than that of field crops and that the water consumption at high-yield level was about 230 mm.So catchments rainwater had high water irrigation efficiency and economic benefit.Compared with furrow irrigation,drip irrigation could effectively reduce soil water consumption and improve water use and irrigation efficiency.Besides,drip irrigation had clear and better effect on the height,the crown and the weight of the plant,the weight of the stem and leaves per plant and the yield.Moreover,irrigation quantity had more significant effect on broccoli yield than the manner of irrigation.For the same manner of irrigation,the differences between various irrigation quantities were very significant and,with increase of irrigation quantities,the height of the plant and crown,the weight of fruit,the weight of stem and leaves per plant and per yield appeared to increasing.