工作内容量表(中文版)在医务人员中的验证

The validation of Chinese Version of Job Content Questionnaire in Health Professionals

目的 开发中文版《工作内容量表》(jobcontentquestionnaire ,JCQ) (1 5版 ) ,考评它在临床医务人员中的使用情况。方法 将RobertKarasek编写的英文版JCQ译成中文 ,并回译。以云南省两家综合医院内科、外科、妇产科、急诊科的临床医护人员 (3 2 0例 )为样本 ,评定信度和效度 ,随机抽取 2 4例在一周后进行重测 ,以评定重测信度。结果 中译本回译一致率 95 % ,问卷有效回答率 92 8% (2 97例 )。JCQ含 8个模块 ,共 49个条目。 8个模块的同质信度Cronbach α系数的 0 5 2～ 0 86,复测信度 0 87～ 0 95 ;主成分因子分析提取 8个因子 ,方差累积贡献率 46 95 % ,进行方差最大正交旋转 ,8个因子的条目组成与JCQ量表中除不稳定工作因素 (JI)以外的 7个模块组成一致。Pearson相关检验证实问卷大部分条目的结构效度较好 ,但宏观工作自主度、JI两个模块的部分条目的相关性较低 ,考虑为不同的文化背景所致。结论 JCQ中文译本能够反映其理论基础中三个与职业紧张相关的维度。中文JCQ在效度、信度上符合心理测量学的要求 ,但部分条目仍须作进一步深入文化调试。

Objective To validate the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ, version 1.5).Methods Translate the English JCQ into Chinese and retranslate. Use the Chinese version to measure the psychosocial environment of the doctors and nurses from two provincial general hospitals of Yunnan ( n =320). Retest 24 random samples after one week. The reliability and validity were examined.Results The retranslating accuracy was 95%. Response rate was 92.8% ( n =297). The JCQ had 8 dimensions, consisting of 49 items. The internal consistency reliabilitis (Cronbach's α) of the 8 dimensions ranged from 0.52 to 0.86. The test-retest reliability of the 8 dimensions ranged from 0.81 to 0.95. The factor analysis confirmed the construct validity for JCQ except the job insecurity dimension.Conclusion Except some items the validity and reliability of JCQ are acceptable. Some low items' correlation coefficients and alpha coeffecients are due to: different organization and cultural differences. It is necessary to make further culture adaptations.