顺德市涂料制造业有机溶剂职业危害的调查

Survey on occupational hazards of organic solvents in paint-making industry in Shunde

目的 了解有机溶剂对涂料作业人群健康的影响 ,为该行业的职业卫生工作提供依据。方法 对涂料作业环境进行调查 ,同时对 684名涂料作业工人和 3 2 2名对照人员进行健康监护。结果 涂料制造作业环境苯超标率1 0 % ,甲苯超标率 15 3 % ,二甲苯超标率 16 3 % ,男性暴露组红细胞、白细胞及血红蛋白量低于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,女性暴露组红细胞和白细胞计数亦减少 (P <0 0 5 ) ,但血小板计数增加 (P <0 0 5 ) ,所有改变与有机溶剂总暴露剂量无相关性。结论 本次调查涂料制造业中有机溶剂对作业工人血液系统无明显损伤 ,但与对照组比较有统计学意义 ,仍需加强职业卫生健康监护。

Objective To explore the effects of organic solvents on the paint-making workers and to provide evidence for occupational protection in this kind of industries.Methods The paint-making environment was assessed and 684 paint-making workers and 322 non-paint-making workers were studied. Results In the working environment the rates of air samples of benzene, toluene and xylene concentration exceeding MAC were 1.0%, 15.3% and 16.3% respectively. The erythrocytes, leucocytes and hemoglobin in the male exposed group were lower than those in the control group ( P <0.05). The erythrocytes and leucocytes in the female exposed group were lower than those in the control group ( P <0.05), but the platelet was higher ( P <0.05). No linear correlation could be shown between all changes and organic solvents concentration.Conclusion It suggested that in this study there was no obvious injury found in the blood system in the paint-making workers exposed to organic solvents, but it had significant change when compared with the controls, the occupational health monitoring should still be strengthened.