抗凝血蛋白药物的研究进展

The Development in the Research of Anticoagulant Protein Drugs

除了血液中的抗凝因子外,自然界中还存在大量具有抗凝活性的生物大分子,如水蛭素、蚯蚓纤溶酶等.基础研究证实这些抗凝剂的作用一般是通过三方面得以实现:一是抑制凝血酶及凝血酶活化因子活性;二是水解血纤维蛋白或纤溶酶原;三是抑制血小板凝聚.由于这些活性物质具有高效的抗凝、溶栓作用,它们极有可能发展成治疗血栓性疾病的药物.

In addition to anticoagulant factors in the blood, there are still a large number of biological macromolecules with anticoagulant activity in the natural field, such as hirudin and earthworm plasmin,etc.. Basic reasearches have demonstrated that the functioning mechanisms of these anticoagulants are generally realized in the following three aspects: the inhibition of thrombin and thrombin activators; the hydrolization of fibrinogen or plasminogen; the inhibition of platelet aggregations. Because these active substances possess highly efficient anticoagulation and thrombolysis, they are much likely to develop into drugs against thrombosis. The review summarizes the recent studies on the variety of anticoagulant proteins for the reference of counterparts concerned.