论理性兴衰中的人——评析哲学的三次人类学转向

On Humanity in the Rise and Fall of Reason——Comments on the Three Times of the Change in the Anthropological Direction of Philosophy

人是一种有限的“理性存在”。理性的兴衰史是人们对于“人是什么”这个问题在近现代以及后现代得到较深刻回答的必然。哲学的三次人类学转向证明了这一点。理性的衰落渊于理性的绝对化 ,这种绝对性异化则在于资本主义生产方式。科学和理性在本质上具有“终极人文关怀精神” ,是一种充满人类理想和激情的并与人类自身发展、前途命运息息相关的。

Humanity is a kind of limited “rational existence”. The history of the rise and fall of reason is the inevitability of the profound answer to the question of “What is humanity” in the modern and post modern times. The three times of change in the anthropological direction of philosophy verified this point. The fall of reason had its root in its absolute terms, and this alienation of absoluteness is shown in the capitalist way of production. In nature, science and reason have “the spirit of ultimate human concern”, which is full of human ideal and passion and closely linked to the own development and the future of the mankind.