氢能离我们还有多远——我国燃料电池现状、差距及对策

Forwards to hydrogen energy ——State-of-art, difference and strategy of Chinese fuel cell industry

叙述了我国质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)、熔融碳酸盐燃料电池(MCFC)和固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)的研究与开发现状,特别指出在性能指标、稳定性、燃料电池系统水平和燃料电池示范深度和广度等方面我国燃料电池和国外的差距。认为根据我国的具体情况,燃料电池公共汽车和大客车将会比燃料电池轿车先得到商业化应用,因此,应加大对其投资力度。提出发展我国燃料电池的对策,建议:(1)根据国情确定研制FC的方向,我国继续以PEMFC和SOFC为重点研究开发对象,其中以PEMFC为重点,中、低温SOFC也要抓紧;(2)加强应用技术基础研究,争取在燃料电池方面有原始创新;(3)加速燃料电池实用化示范工作;(4)走引进、开发并举的道路。

The stateofarts of R&D of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), and solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) in China are reviewed. Especially, the differences on performance specifications, stability, system level and the depth and extent of demonstration for fuel cells between China and abroad are described. According to the practical situation in China, the commercialization application of fuel cell bus (FCB) will be earlier than that of fuel cell car. The suggestions to develop fuel cell industry in China are: (1) pay more attentions to PEMFC and SOFC; (2) do more fundamental R&D work in fuel cells; (3) accelerate the demonstration work for the practicality of fuel cell; (4) corporate with overseas companies and institutes.