市场价值——劳动价值理论深化认识的一把钥匙(下)

Market value -A key of the recognition of deepening to labour value theory

四、对市场价值构成的深化认识 马克思在<资本论>等著作中虽然指出过企业管理者劳动和科技人员的劳动也是创造价值的生产劳动,但他主要分析的是生产商品的物质生产劳动,并从劳动耗费主要包括生产资料和生产劳动这两个要素出发,进而认为商品的市场价值是由物化劳动转移的价值和活劳动创造的补偿劳动力的价值和资本家无偿占有的剩余价值三部分构成,用公式表示是: W=C+V+M 然而根据我们上面的分析,在社会主义市场经济条件下,创造市场价值的劳动不仅包括生产有形商品的物质生产劳动,而且包括生产无形商品的服务劳动以及生产精神商品的科技劳动.

Market value is a real actual value. The essence of it is social necessary labour time. Social necessary labour time contains the time of labours in tertiary industry. So it is necessary to bring their labour value into the commodity value formula by Marx. Labour production rate is inversely proportional to unit commodity value, implied market value is directly proportional to labour production rate or is about equal to it. Natural resources and knowledge resource are the important sources of market value. Market value or prices of commodities are the means and form of the distributions according to work and essential factors of production.