红叶李花粉的生物学特性研究

Pollen Biological Characteristics of Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.cv.Atropurpurea Jacq.

进行了红叶李及目前引进李主要栽培品种在不同温度条件下的花粉发芽试验、不同温度下的贮藏试验和红叶李采粉期试验 ,结果表明 :红叶李在低温 ( 4℃ )和室温 ( 2 2℃ )下均有较高的花粉萌发率 (分别为 68.4%和 46.7% ) ,且明显高于供试的栽培品种李 ;红叶李以采集气球期花朵的花粉萌发率最高 ;在低温 ( 3～ 5℃ )密封下贮藏可明显延长花粉的贮藏寿命 ,4种供试花粉染色率高于 5 0 %的天数平均为 13 .5d ,而室温下密封贮藏平均仅为 7d ;但无论是低温或室温密封贮藏 ,红叶李花粉贮藏能力都明显高于供试 3个品种 ,分别为 2 7d(低温 )和 11d(室温 ) ,比 3个品种中贮藏寿命最长的品种分别多 18d和 2d。

The vitability, storage time and collected time of pollen in Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.cv.Atropurpurea Jacq.and other plums were studied. Prunus cerasifera Ehrh cv. Atropurpurea Jacq. had higher pollen germination rate in low(-4?℃) and higher (22?℃) temperatures( 68.4% and 46.7% respectively) than those of 3 tested cultivars.The germination rate of pollen that was collected from flowers just before blossoming is highest. The pollen of 4 tested types of plums was stored to a average 13.5 days at low temperature(3～5?℃), longer than at room temperature (7?d) without a decrease of vitality to 50%. But the pollen of Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.cv.Atropurpurea Jacq. could be stored longer for up to 18?d and 2?d longer than those of 3 cultivars in the condition of low temperature and room temperature respectively.