俄罗斯《6～1150kV电网雷电和内过电压防护导则》中110～1150kV架空线路防雷保护介绍

AN INTRODUCTION TO LIGHTNING PROTECTION OF 1101150 kV OVERHEAD TRANSMISSION LINES IN RUSSIA

介绍了俄罗斯统一电力系统1999年制订的<6~1150kV电网雷电和内过电压防护导则>关于110~1150kV架空线路防雷保护部分中的新内容和新观点:(1)在防雷保护计算中增加了用第1脉冲和后续脉冲雷电流幅值和陡度参数;(2)架空线路绝缘子串中个数选择增加了'为了保证线路绝缘25年不检修的运行周期,实施在绝缘子串中增加绝缘子个数'的条款;(3)架空线路允许雷击跳闸次数的选择依据是线路断路器操作资源准则;(4)分析架空线路运行耐雷指标时指出:①110~220kV架空线路雷击跳闸主要起因是反击闪络;②330kV架空线路雷击跳闸主要起因大致反击闪络和绕击闪络各一半;③500~750kV架空线路雷击跳闸主要起因是绕击闪络;④提高1150kV架空线路耐雷性要靠使用负保护角避雷线的直线杆塔和耐张转角杆塔;⑤提高架空线路不间断供电可靠性的后备措施是自动重合闸.

The up-to-date contents and new ideas in the section of The lightning protection of 1101150kV overhead transmission lines of Lightning and internal overvoltageprotection guides for 61150kV networks which is formulated by the Russian united Power Network in 1999 is presented,they are: (1) The lightning current amplitude and steepnessparameters of the first strike and subsequent strikes are added to the lightning protection computations. (2) In choosing the insulator pieces in insulator string for an overhead line a clause, i.e., To insure the insulation of an overhead transmission line maintenance free for 25 years by increasing the serial number of insulators in insulator strings, is added. (3) The totalnumber of tripouts allowed for an overhead transmission line due to lightning depends upon the number of available linecircuit breaker operating resources. (4) Analyzing the lightning withstand level of the transmission lines in operation, following conclusions are obtained: (i) The main cause for lightningtripout of 110220kV overhead transmission lines isback-strike; (ii) The main causes for lightning tripout of 330kV overhead transmission lines are back-strike and shieldingfailure, and the probability of appearing the two phenomena is equal; (iii) The main cause for lightning tripout of the500750kV overhead transmission lines is shielding failure; (iv) To increase the lightning withstand capabilities of 1150kVoverhead transmission lines, it is ensured by using shielding wires with negative protection angles; (v) Automatic reclosing acts as a reserved step to increase the reliability of continuous power transmission for overhead lines. However, the basiclightning protection measures for any transmission line mustnot be reduced even in case of automatic reclosing beingapplied to a transmission line, since any ground fault mayreduce the equipment resources of a substation.