中性原子的磁囚禁技术及其最新发展与应用

Magnetic Traps for Neutral Atoms and Their Recent Developments and Applications

本文就近二十年来国际上用于三维限制中性原子运动的磁囚禁原理、方案、特点及其最新发展进行了系统介绍与综述。根据构成磁阱的装置大小、磁场特征以及产生磁场方式的不同,可以将囚禁原子的各种磁阱分为宏观静磁囚禁、微观静磁囚禁和微波或交流磁囚禁三大类。最后,文章简单介绍了中性原子磁囚禁技术在玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)和原子芯片中的最新应用。

In this paper, the basic principles, schemes, characteristics and their recent developments and applications of magnetic traps are reviewed in detail. All these magnetic traps can be divided into three kinds: macroscopic static magnetic trap, microscopic static magnetic trap and microwave or ac magnetic trap, according to the sizes of magnetic-trap devices, the characteristics of magnetic wells and the methods of generating magnetic fields. Finally, some recent applications of magnetic traps in the experiments of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) and atomic chip are briefly introduced.