土壤有效含水量的经验估算研究——以东北黑土为例

Soil Available Water Capacity and it's Empirical and Statistical Models -with s Special Reference to Black Soils in Northeast China

土壤有效含水量(AWC)是评价土壤抗旱性、水资源规划和管理以及指导灌溉的重要依据。对土壤AWC进行经验估算,是一种有效方法。文章首先介绍了土壤有效含水量(AWC)的概念、计算方法、经验估算建模的依据及意义,并分析了土壤AWC与土壤其它特征因子如土壤质地、土壤有机质、土壤容重等的相互关系,对国外已有的经验估算的统计模型及其建模思路进行了介绍。其次,运用统计技术,对我国东北黑土土壤AWC进行了经验估算研究并建立相应的估算模型。结果表明,土壤质地组成及有机质含量为与东北黑土AWC有着密切关系的理化参数,运用它们所建立的土壤AWC估算模型是比较简单而且可行的。

Soil available water capacity (AWC) plays an important role in the evaluation of drought resistance of soil,planning and managing water resources and conducting irrigation. Empirical estimation is available for study of soil AWC. The definition, calculation, basis and importance of modeling by statistics of soil AWC for estimation were firstly introduced in this article. Relationship betwen soil AWC and other factors,such as texture,organic matter and bulk density were analyzed. What's more, experiential and statistical models and the ways by which models were constructed so far were listed and analyzed also. Secondly,for its empirical estimation,the soil AWC of black soils in northeast China was studied by statistics, and its estimating models were established. It was showed that texture and organic matter(OM) were the most important physical and chemical factors related to the soil AWC of black soils. By the calculation,it was showed that the model is simple and feasible.