胰岛素受体底物家族与Ⅱ型糖尿病

Insulin receptor substrate family and type Ⅱ diabetes

胰岛素受体底物(insulin receptor substrate,IRS)家族是胰岛素/类胰岛素生长因子信号系统上游通路的关键介导者,在维持细胞生长、分裂和代谢中起着重要作用。已有四个成员被鉴定出;IRS-1、IRS-2、IRS—3和IRS-4,其中IRS—1和IRS—2在许多不同的组织细胞中起着特异性作用。IRS介导的胰岛素信号通路与很多其他信号通路存在交叉,它们能干扰胰岛素发挥效应,导致胰岛素抵抗,从而引发糖尿病。

Insulin receptor substrate molecules are key mediators in insulin/IGF signaling system and play a critical role in maintaining basic cellular functions such as growth, survival and metabolism. Four members (IRS-1, IRS-2, IRS-3 and IRS-4) of this family have been identified. Among them, the available data show that IRS-1 and IRS-2 are not functionally interchangeable in mammalian tissues. IRSs at the IN/IGF signaling pathways are able to crosstalk with many other signaling pathways, which could result in the insulin resistance.