多环芳烃及可吸入颗粒物的实时测量与分析

Real-time Measurements of PPAHs and PM_(10) and Analyses in Two Coke Plants

采用一组新型便携式检测设备 (光电带电和激光散射 ) ,对两个炼焦厂工人的工作环境和生活环境中大气中亚微米颗粒物携带的多环芳烃 (PPAHs)及可吸入颗粒物 (PM1 0 )的质量浓度进行了实时监测。初步结果表明 :两炼焦厂的气悬颗粒物污染都很严重 ,PM1 0 厂内比家中高 ,但PPAHs厂内与家中在一个数量级上 ;厂内污染主要来源是点火 ,漏烟和小型柴油车尾气 ;焦炉炉型的不同对环境也有明显的影响 ;家庭污染主要来源是燃煤和抽烟 ;人体日均吸入量相当吸烟 6～ 1 0支 。

A set of new portable instruments:including photoelectric charge (PC) and laser scatting (LS) were used to monitor the mass concentration of particle-bond polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PPAHs) and inhalable particulates (IP or PM10) in two coke making plants and workers' households in Shanxi Province. The preliminary results show that the aerosol pollution in the two coke plants is severe; PM10 in plants is higher than in households, however, PPAHs are almost in the same level; the main sources of aerosol pollution in plants are ignition, door leakage and waste gas from small diesel trucks; different coking technology and oven type show obvious influence to the emission; the aerosol pollution in households mainly comes from smoking and coal burning in stoves; the daily exposure of a coking worker is estimated to equal smoking 6-10 cigarettes per day, the potential of health damage would be huge.