北京地区松叶中有机卤素污染物的研究

Studies on the organohalogens pollutant in pine needles in Beijing.

利用中子活化分析(NAA)技术测定了北京市不同'功能区'松叶中可萃取有机卤素污染物(EOX)的含量,结果表明,化工工业区松叶中可萃取有机氯(EOCl)含量高达40(g/g(干重),钢铁工业区的松叶含量最低(12(g/g).松叶中EOCl、可萃取有机溴(EOBr)、碘(EOI)含量顺序为EOCl>>EOBr>EOI, EOCl在总EOX中占到了97%以上.在EOCl中,有机氯农药仅占0.2%～1.9%,松叶中绝大多数EOCl为未知的.4个城市'功能区'中EOCl含量顺序为化工工业区>交通枢纽地带>居民区>钢铁工业区.城区大气中有机氯污染物主要来自化学工业和交通污染.城区松叶中EOCl的含量远高于偏远山区的样品,但两地样品中EOBr、EOI的含量无显著差异.

The contents of extractable organohalogen pollutant (EOX) of pine needles in different functional areas of Beijing City are measured with neutron activation analysis (NAA). The content of extractable organochlorine (EOCl) in pine needles is high in the area of chemical industries, about 40mg/g dry weight while the lowest in the area of iron-steel industries also reaches 12mg/g. The contents of EOCl, extractable organobromine (EOBr) and organoiodine (EOI) are in the order of EOCl > EOBr > EOI. EOCl accounts for more than 97% of total EOX. In the EOCl, the known organochlorinated pesticides accounts for 0.2%~1.9% only; and a major portion of the EOCl in pine needles is unknown. The contents of EOCl in four urban functional areas are in the order of chemical industry area >traffic hub area > residential area > iron-steel industry area. The organochlorinate pollutants in urban atmosphere come mainly from the pollution of chemical industry and traffic. The contents of EOCl in pine needles in urban areas are much higher than those in remote mountain areas; but there is no significant difference for EOBr and EOI contents between these two areas.