通用土壤流失方程的发展与应用

The Development and Application of the Universal Soil Loss Equation

通用土壤流失方程USLE是美国研制的用于定量预报农地或草地坡面多年平均年土壤流失量的一个经验性土壤侵蚀预报模型。它是从20世纪30年代开始的土壤侵蚀试验和定量研究基础上不断发展完善的,最终于60年代正式出版。期间又分别在70年代和90年代进行了二次修订。自模型研制以来,已在水土保持规划和土地资源管理方面得到了广泛应用。模型在发展过程中形成的思想和方法,对于各国经验性土壤侵蚀模型的建立具有很好的借鉴作用。我国自80年代开始引入该模型,进行模型的订正和应用研究,取得了重要成果。

The universal soil loss equation is an empirical soil erosion model developed by scientists in the US for predicting average annual soil loss from slope croplan d or grassland It was modified and revised by many scientists through more th an 30 years based on the data collected from experimental plots and quantitative evaluation of factors causing soil loss and published as Agricultural Handbook No 282 in 1965 Afterwards, it was revised two times during 1970's and 1990' s respectively In 1997, it was published as Revised Universal Soil Loss Equat ion in Agricultural Handbook No 703 Since the model was developed, it has b een applied in soil conservation planing and national natural resources inventor yThe id eas and methodology of the model developing have been used as reference for sett ing up soil erosion models in other countriesThe USLE was introduced in Chin a from 1980's and was modified and applied in different regionsThese will be helpful for developing Chinese own soil loss equation