十六国时期的河西人口

The Population of Hexi Passage During the Sixteen States Period

史书中关于汉唐时期河西走廊人口以西汉最盛、唐代次之、西晋最少的记载是错误的。十六国时期的河西人口已大大超过汉之盛时。但是,在此一百多年间,河西人口既不是固定不变的,也不是稳定增长的。前凉时期,由于中原人口的大量迁入和统治者的大力经营,河西人口出现了大幅度增长的势头;在此以后,先是后凉的残暴统治,接着是各霸主间的互相攻伐,使河西社会动荡不安,人口死亡、流失严重,许多人被迁出河西,河西人口出现了停滞和下降的趋势。

The historial records that the population of Hexi Passage was the largest in the Western Han,the second largest in the Tang Dynasty and the least in the Western Jin Dynasty during the Han and Tang Dynasty are wrong.The population here in the Sixteen States Period was by far larger than that in the peak period of the Han Dynasty.However,during over one hundred years after this,the population was neither regular nor increased stably.During the Pre-Liang period,because of a larger number of migration from the Central Part of China and the vigorous run from the rulers,the population increased in a great deal;from then on,owing to the cruel rule of the Post-Liang period and then the mutual attack a-mong the tyrants,the Hexi area was turbulent,the civilians died and the soil erosion got serious.Moreover,lots of people were forced to move out from the Hexi area so that the trend of the stagnation and degradation of the population appeared.