“弱国家”形态及其根源:印尼的案例

Features and Contributing Factors of Weak State: Indonesian Case Study

本文主要探究弱国家的形态特征及其根源,并具体分析了印尼这一个案。所谓弱国家,是指政府(履行其基本职能的)能力滑坡、社会结构趋向于涣散的这一类国家,是介于正常运转国家与失败国家之间的一种国家类型。造成弱国家局面的因素是多方面的,既包括政治形态转型期的新旧二元结构冲突,也包括原本就比较松散的种族-宗教结构,以及全球化时代来自世界体系的压力。新权威主义可能是转型时期国家避免弱国家局面的一种实用制度和策略。

This article focuses on the features and contributing factors of weak state and also provides a detailed analysis of the weak state issue of Indonesia. Weak state is the transitional pattern from well - operating state down to failed state, in which the basic govemabilities of government are injured and the social construction is on the verge of broken. The contributing factors of weak state at least includes dual political structure in a process of structure transition, long - standing loose ties among different ethnic groups and religious communities, and pressure from the world system in globalization era. The main suggestion is that the so - called 'neo authoritarianism' or bureaucratic authoritarianism may be a realistic choice for developing countries to prevent the danger of becoming a weak state during a social change period.