从墓志看佛教对唐代妇女生活的影响

The Impact of Buddhism on the Life of Tang Women seen from the Inscriptions on the Memorial Tablets of Tang Tombs

从对唐墓志的分析考察可知 ,唐代妇女信佛者较多 ,在家修行的妇女占绝对多数 ,且相当一部分奉佛者为孀居妇女。唐代妇女诵读或抄写的佛典主要集中在金刚般若、法华、涅、维摩等经上 ,尤以金刚般若、法华两经为最。唐代妇女崇佛原因众多 ,其中不少孀居妇女、宫人、宦官夫人、无子和不育的妇女多从佛教中寻求精神和情感寄托。唐代妇女崇佛对社会风尚、生死观念和丧葬观念产生了很大的影响。

A close reading of the inscriptions on the memorial tablets of Tang tombs reveals that many Tang Dynasty women were believers in Buddhism.Most of them practiced Buddhism at home,and a large part of them were widows.The Buddhist scriptures they read or copied were chiefly Vajracchedika sutra,lotus sutra,nirvana sutra,etc.The reasons for this widespread belief in Buddhism were various,and widows,ladies in the imperial court,women without children or fertility sought spiritual comfort from Buddhism.This cult of Tang women for Buddhism had profound influence on social customs,ideas on life and death,and burying ceremonies.