“156项工程”与20世纪50年代中苏关系评析

An Analysis of the "156 Soviet-Assisted Projects" and Sino-Soviet Relations in the 1950s

20世纪中叶,一个举世耀眼的社会主义婴儿——中华人民共和国诞生了,这个新生儿需要在沐浴后迅速成长以抵御来自四面八方的纷扰。特定历史条件下对苏联的选择以及由苏联援建出台的“156项工程”如同助长器:中国社会主义工业化雏形由此被注入了苏式基因;中苏两党、两国间同时期的兄弟关系因此显得牢不可破。但既然是处于特定的历史时期,成就与缺憾、经验与教训总会相伴而生,对其进行系统的梳理并客观地加以评析将成为新世纪中俄两国关系发展、中国与世界先进国家开展社会经济文化交流的有益借鉴。

After the birth of the New China in 1949, special historical circumstances encouraged the Soviet Union to choose to support the '156 Projects' to support China's development. As a result, Chinese socialist industrialization was, in this embryonic stage, injected with a heavy Soviet influence. As well, the 'brotherly bond' between the Soviet and Chinese communist parties and governments appeared unshakeable. But this was the product of a specific historical period. Systematically and objectively assessing this period will be instructive for developing Sino-Russian relations in this new century.