围生儿尸检500例病因分析及出生缺陷与胎盘病理变化的关系

Causes of perinatal death and the relationship between the birth defects and pathological changes of placenta:autopsy study of 500 cases

目的 从 5 0 0例围生儿尸检结果探讨围生儿死亡原因及出生缺陷和胎盘病理变化的关系。方法 根据1986年 3月至 2 0 0 1年 12月 5 0 0例围生儿尸检结果 ,结合病史、胎盘病理检查分析其死亡原因。结果 新生儿主要死因是肺透明膜病和出生缺陷 ,死胎、死产主要是胎盘因素和出生缺陷 ;而出生缺陷儿的胎盘大多伴有病理性变化 ,如绒毛发育迟缓、胎盘感染等。

Objective To study the causes of perinatal death and the relationship between the birth defects and pathological changes of placenta.Methods On the basis of the autopsy in 500 perinatal babies and placenta examination (performed from March 1986 to December 2001) combined with clinical data,analyse the causes of perinatal death.Results The main death causes of neonate were hyline membrane disease and birth defects.The main death causes of the still birth and dead birth were placental factors and birth defects.Most of the placenta in babies with birth defects had pathological changes,such as retarded villous maturation,placenta infection,etc.Conclusion Autopsy and thorough placenta examination are valuable for analyzing the causes of perinatal death.