乙烯利对甘蔗叶片结构的影响及其与抗旱性的关系

Effects of ethephon on the leaf microstructure related to drought-resistance in sugarcane

两个抗旱性有差异的甘蔗品种桂糖11号(GT11)(抗旱性中等)和新台糖20号(TT20)(抗旱性较强),在5叶期叶面喷施100mg/L乙烯利,取7～19叶,用解离法分离出叶片表皮和叶肉细胞,对气孔器、叶片表皮长细胞侧壁相互嵌合情况和叶肉细胞形态进行观察。结果表明,乙烯利对气孔器分化的影响因品种而异:GT11表现出先抑制(7～9叶)后促进(9～19叶)的作用,TT20则表现促进作用(7～19叶)。乙烯利对叶片表皮细胞侧壁相互嵌合情况和叶肉细胞形态的影响与气孔器的变化一致。叶片结构变化的这种协调一致性,一方面可以提高光合速率,另一方面可提高保护组织的保护能力,两者均有利于提高植株的抗旱性。

Two sugarcane varieties GT11 and TT20,with different droughtresistance,were sprayed with 100?mg/L ethephon at early growth stage (5leaf stage).By means of cell separation,the epidermis stomatal apparatus,epidermiss longcells and mesophyll cells of leaves at different positions were studied.It was found that,firstly,ethephon clamped down the density of stomatal apparatus of GT11(7th～9th leaf),then promoted it(9th～19th leaf).Meanwhile,the density of stomatal apparatus for TT20 was higher than the contrast from 7th～19th leaf.And the epidermis longcells showed the same effect.The investigation on the mesophyll cells showed that,changes of the ratio of mutilrings cell were according with the apparatus cells in both varieties.The accordance in changes of structures improved the photosynthetic rate and strengthened the selfprotective ability of sugarcane,which were beneficial to improve the droughtresistance of sugarcane.