摘要
蒙皂石(粘土)应用矿物学是现代粘土科学的一个新的分支,是一门吸取共它学科知识如物理化学、胶体化学等基础上、从粘土矿物学角度研究粘土应用及与粘土有关的技术、理论、方法的交叉科学。它的主要研究内容是粘土矿物结构和性质、粘土地质学、粘土工程技术、粘土工业应用、粘土与石油科学、粘土与农业科学、粘土与生命科学等七大问题。蒙皂石晶体化学、结构化学性质的研究是应用矿物学研究的基础,文章从我国实际情况山发,针对这一论题,扼要评述了蒙皂石水体系、蒙皂石有机复合、交联蒙皂石、蒙皂石酸处理、蒙皂石快离子导体五个问题。在上述基础上,最后提出了蒙皂石组成与结构深层次问题,成岩作用与石油形成、蒙皂石合成、离子交换作用与核废处理、系列蒙皂石胶体化学,吸附动力学性质与产品研制六个我国未来蒙皂石应用矿物学研究的重点及方向。
Applied mineralogy of smectite is a new branch of modern clay science,and also a cross science which studies the clay application and the technology,theory and methodology related to clay on the basis of absorbing the knowledge of physical chemistry, colloid chemistry,etc.It mainly involves the study of the structnre and properties of clay minerals,clay geology,clay engineering and technology,clay industrial utilization,clay and petroleum science,clay and agriculture,clay and life science.The study of the crystallo-chemical and structural chemical properties of smectite is the basis of the applied mineralogy.The paper gives a brief review on the water system of smectite,organic com- pound of smectite,crosslinking smectite,acid treatment of smectite,fast-ion conductor of smectite.On this basis,the author has pat forword six key subjects for future studies such as composition and structure of smectite,diagenesis and petroleum generation,synthesis of smec(?)e,ion exchange and nuclear waste treatment,colloid chemistry of serial smectite, adsorption dynamic propertics and development of products.
