湖北省丘陵区嗜人按蚊传疟阈值的研究

STUDY ON THE TRANSMISSION THRESHOLD OF MALARIA BY ANOPHELES ANTHROPOPHAGUS IN HILLY LAND OF HUBEI PROVINCE

目的 调查嗜人按蚊传疟作用 ,为嗜人按蚊分布区媒介监测及制定合理的防治措施提供依据。 方法 在随州市曾都区严家畈村选择 9个自然村应用寄生虫学和昆虫学方法进行调查。估算嗜人按蚊的媒介能量和临界叮人率。 结果 2 0 0 1年 7～ 8月居民带虫发病率 0 .6 5 %。小学生带虫率 0 .5 1% ,荧光抗体阳性率 5 .0 5 %。在观察区搜捕到嗜人、中华、微小 3种按蚊。嗜人按蚊密度及组成在人房内占优势 ,平均叮人率 0 .9892 /人·夜 ,吸人血指数为 0 .5 0 ,媒介能量为0 .94 4 8,是中华按蚊的 6 .5 2倍 ,嗜人按蚊临界叮人率为 0 .2 82 3,而实际叮人率是它的 3.5倍。 结论 嗜人按蚊是当地传播疟疾的主要媒介 ,提示临界叮人率在媒介监测中具有重要的指导意义。

Objective To study the role of Anopheles anthropophagus in malaria transmission and transmission threshold, so as to provide basis for vector surveillance and malaria control strategy. Methods Parasitology and entomology methods were used in the investigation at 9 villages of Zengdou region of Suizhou City? Results From July to August, 2001, the febrile cases examination rate was 1.89%, the malaria incidence was 0.65%, the parasite rate and the positive rate of IFA of pupil was 0.51% and 5.05% respectively. An. anthropophagus, An. sinensis and An. minimus were collected, with An. anthropophagus as the predominant one in human blood index were 0.989 2 and 0.5000 respectively. The vectorial capacity and the threshold man-biting rate of An. anthropophagus were 0.944 8 and 0.282 3 respectively . The local man-biting rate was 3.5 times higher than that of the threshold man-biting rate. Conclusion The results demonstrated that An. anthropophagus is the principal vector in malaria transmission in the area. The findings imply that the threshold man-biting rate is of practicable importance in vector surveillance. [