聚苯胺原位包覆碳纳米管材料的制备及性能

The preparation and properties of carbon nanotubes in-situ encapsulated by polyaniline

在苯胺的盐酸溶液中,用过硫酸胺((NH4)2S2O8)作氧化剂,在碳纳米管上原位生成并包覆了聚苯胺,用SEM及TEM观察了包覆前后碳纳米管的结构形态,并对这种材料表面性质及微波电磁参数进行了研究。结果表明:碳纳米管 苯胺重量比为4∶1时,生成的聚苯胺可完全包覆在碳纳米管上,包覆层厚度为10nm～20nm;碳纳米管经聚苯胺包覆后表面能增大,包覆后的碳纳米管在水中及固体状态时分散性明显得到改善,微波电磁吸收系数的实部(ε′,μ′)、虚部(ε″,μ″)及电磁损耗因子(tgδe=ε″ ε′,tgδm=μ″ μ′)均得到了提高,表明聚苯胺包覆后碳纳米管有望成为一种电磁波屏蔽材料。

In-situ encapsulation of carbon nanotubes by polyaniline was carried out by polymerization of aniline in hydrochloric acid solution with (NH4)(2) S-2 O-8, as the oxidizing agent. The structures and configurations of the encapsulated carbon nanotubes were observed by SEM and TEM. The surface properties and the microwave electromagnetic parameters of this material were tested. Results showed that when the weight ratio of carbon nanotubes to aniline was equal to 4: 1, all of the polyaniline produced could fully encapsulate the carbon nanotubes, with the thickness of the encapsulating layer being 10 nm similar to 20 nm. The surface energy of the carbon nanotubes encapsulated by polyaniline was increased and dispersive ability of encapsulated carbon nanotubes as powder or in water was also improved significantly. The real part (epsilon', mu'), the imaginary part (epsilon', mu') and the dissipation factor (tgdeltae = epsilon'/epsilon', tgdeltam = mu'/mu') of the microwave electromagnetic permittivity were improved. Carbon nanotubes encapsulated by polyaniline would be a good candidate for electromagnetic shielding applications.