草地资源缀块聚集分布时草食动物时空分布模型

The Distribution Model of Grazing Animals on Aggregated Grassland Resource Patches

针对草地上草食动物(家畜)种群空间格局-缀块型,综合考虑整体和局部两种信息,运用渗透理论及数学分析方法研究了草地资源点(缀块)在空间上聚集分布时草食动物的分布,建立了描述草地资源与草食动物时空分布的扩散模型。研究结果表明:资源利用尺度n随资源浓度p的降低而增大,随资源聚集程度q的增大而增大,资源浓度越低,资源利用尺度越大;资源聚集程度越高,资源利用尺度也越大。只有能够在较大尺度上利用资源的动物才能利用破碎化的低浓度资源。这将为草原放牧及管理提供科学依据。

In this paper, by using the percolation theory and considering both global and local information, the spatial distribution of grazing animals on grassland has been studied when grassland resource points (patches) are concentrated. Hence, the dispersal model for describing grassland resource and distribution of grazing animals has been established. It has been resulted that the lower the resource density is, the greater the resource utilization scale is. Only when animal utilize the resource to the greater extent can they utilize low-density resource of fragmentation.