菜阳河自然保护区3种森林类型的土壤特性

Soil Characteristics of Three Forest Types of Caiyanghe Nature Reserve

对设于菜阳河自然保护区 3种森林类型的 8块监测样地的土壤剖面调查结果得出 :3种森林土壤有较明显的差异。季节雨林土壤为粗骨性赤红壤 ,水热条件好 ,有机质等养分含量丰富 ,阳离子交换量较高。山地雨林土壤为紫色赤红壤 ,总孔隙度达 5 0 % ,通透性尚好 ,土壤氮磷钾全量较其他两类土壤低 ,有机质含量及有效氮磷钾含量与季风常绿阔叶林接近 ,交换性能较好。季风常绿阔叶林土壤主要为黄色赤红壤 ,总孔隙度达 5 6 % ,非毛管孔隙度 11 5 1% ,土壤通透性及保肥能力较好。

The results of soil profile at eight monitoring sites of Caiyanghe Nature Reserve respectively in three forest types implied there was significant difference between the soil of different forest types. The soil of seasonal rain forest was skeleton lateritic red earth, with desirable water and heat, and abundant content of organic matter, and high cation exchange capacity. The soil of montane rain forest was purple lateritic red earth, with the total porosity of 50 %. The content of total N, P and K of this kind of soil were lower than the soil of other two forest types, while the contents of organic matter and available N, P and K were close to that of monsoon evergreen broad leaved forest, and the exchange capability was also good. The dominant soil type of monsoon evergreen forest was yellow lateritic red earth, the total porosity and non capillary porosity were 56 % and 11 51 % respectively, the perviousness and the capability of fertility preservation were all good.