木腐菌及病死木中的真菌对松材线虫的影响

Influences of Fungi Isolated from Dead Pine Trees and Other Wood Decaying Fungi on the Population Growth of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

在松材线虫病的病死木分离出的真菌中,松材线虫可以在无孢菌和待鉴定的3株有孢菌上大量繁殖.在曲霉、青霉、短梗单孢霉、头孢霉的菌落上不能大量繁殖,在木霉、轮枝霉的部分菌株的菌落上也不能大量繁殖.引入了8种木腐菌,毛柄金钱菌(Flammulinavelutipes),糙皮侧耳(Pleurotusostreaus),香菇(Lentinusedodes),黑木耳(Auriculariaauricula),拟管革裥菌(Lenzitestrabea),粘褶菌(Gloeophyllumtrabeum),洁丽香菇(Lentinuslepideus),杂色云芝(Polyporusversicolor),测试了它们对松材线虫种群增长的影响.结果表明,松材线虫可在其菌落上大量繁殖的只有毛柄金钱菌,而其他真菌都对松材线虫具有一定的抑杀作用,其中在粘褶菌和糙皮侧耳菌落上松材线虫完全不能存活.

Pine wood nematodes (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus,PWN) could thrivingly reproduce on the colonies of nonsporulated fungi and three unidentified sporulated fungiPWN could reproduce,but not easily on the colonies of Aspergillus spp.,Penicillium spp.,Dicoccum sp.,Cephalosporium sp. and on the colonies of certain isolats of Trichoderma spp.,Verticillium spp.These fungi were all isolated from the deseased pine trees caused by PWN Eight wood decaying fungi,Lenzites trabea,Gloeophyllum trabeum,Lentinus lepideus,Polyporus versicolor,Flammulina velutipes,Pleurotus ostreatus,Auricularia auricula and Lentinus edodes were chosen to examine their relation with PWN.PWN could multiply well only on the colonies of F. velutipes,whereas all the others have certain nemacidal effects on PWN. Among the wood decaying fungi,PWN could not survive on the colonis of Gloeophyllum trabeum and Pleurotus ostreatus absolutely.