咪达唑仑作为口腔颌面外科麻醉前用药的探讨

Study of Midazolam for Premedication in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

目的研究咪达唑仑用于口腔颌面外科麻醉前用药的效果。方法60例患者随机等分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,麻醉前30min分别肌肉注射咪达唑仑0.06mg/kg、地西泮0.12mg/kg、苯巴比妥钠3mg/kg,观察镇静和抗焦虑作用、对循环和呼吸的影响以及不良反应。结果Ⅰ组用药后5min始出现BIS明显下降、Ramsay镇静评分明显增大,用药后30min时AVAT和SAI数值明显降低(P<0.05),Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组无明显改变;3组的循环和呼吸功能无明显变化,也未见明显不良反应。结论咪达唑仑作为麻醉前用药,镇静和抗焦虑作用确切,无明显不良反应,值得推广应用。

Objective To study the effects of midazolam for premedication in oral-maxillofacial surgery.Methods60patients were selected and divided into3groups equally with20cases in each group.Different drugs were used for premedication.Group received midazolam0.06mg/kg,group received diazepam0.12mg/kg,group received luminal3mg/kg,Intramuscular injections of drugs were finished before30minutes of anesthesia.The sedative and anxiolytic effects,the changes of circulation and respiration and the side effects were evaluated.Results In group,BIS(bispectral analysis of electroencephalogram)decreased obviously and Ramsay score increased significantly5minutes after drug administration,AVAT(Anxiety visual analog test)and SAI(State anxiety inventory)decreased obviously30minutes after administration drug(P<0.05).But no significant changes in the other groups(P>0.05).There were no remarkable changes of circulation and respiration in the three groups.No severe side effects were observed after premedication.Conclusion The premedication of using midazolam has good sedative and anxiolytic effects and few side effects.