多元肥料互作对烤烟产质量影响的效应分析及施肥决策

Effect of composite fertilizer interaction on yield and quality in flue-cured tobacco

通过田间试验 ,就氮与磷的交互作用对烤烟产质量的影响进行了主效应、通径分析及施肥决策的研究。结果表明 ,在该土壤环境下以施 N∶P2 O5为 1∶ 0 .6～ 1.7(N为 10 12 .5 kg/ hm2 )时 ,氮与磷的交互作用显著 ,肥料效应高。此时所获得的烟叶中含钾量较高 ,糖 /碱比值在可接受的范围 ,烟叶品质好 ,并相对提高了烟叶产量。其结果对多年连作的烟区 (土壤速效磷含量相对较高 ) ,烤烟生产施肥时有着重要的参考价值。试验进一步表明在不同的烟区可根据肥料试验 ,首先确定目标产量 ,多元肥料施用量有不同的配比组合 ,因此可以根据对烟叶中化学成分如糖、烟碱或糖 /碱的实际要求 ,进行烟草生产施肥决策。

Path coefficient and main effect analysis was used to study the effects of different compositions of N, P on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco, and fertilizer recommendation by field experimention. The result showed that yield and chemical quality constituents of flue-cured tobacco were significantly affected by N, P interaction. Under the local soil condition, N∶P 2O 5=1∶0.6～1.7(N=1012.5kg/hm+2), leaf quality was improved after harvesting. Potassium and petroleum ether extract content in leaves was increased, total-sugar/nicotine ratio was within the acceptable limits. The cured tobacco leaf yield was also relatively increased, which provide important scientific basis for continuous growing of tobacco in the same field where P content was high. Hence on the basis of the chemical constituents such as sugars, alkaloids etc., adequate fertilizer rate of composite fertilizer could be recommeded before planting.