基于GIS的中国农村居民点用地分析

The Spatial Distribution of Rural Settlements and Their Dynamic Change in China Using GIS

利用90年代初期至末期中国土地利用矢量数据提取农村居民点用地及动态变化数据,将其与自然区划图叠加,分析了各自然区农村居民点用地及其动态变化情况。中国农村居民点用地主要集中在华北平原、鲁中山地丘陵、辽东胶东山地丘陵、淮河与长江中下游及东北平原。这些地区是重要的农业区,城镇发达,农村居民点密集,人口密度高。淮河与长江中下游、华北平原、粤桂闽丘陵平原、华北山地丘陵是农村居民点用地扩展最快的地区,也是农村居民点扩展造成耕地资源流失的主要地区。农村居民点用地扩展造成的耕地流失甚至大于城镇用地扩展造成的耕地流失,并且是在农村人口绝对量逐渐减少的情况下发生的。因此,制定相关政策,加强农村居民点用地管理对于节约土地资源具有重要意义。

The rural settlements and land dynamic change are studied by land use vector and dynamic change data in China during 1988 - 2000. The rural settlements are concentrated in North China plain, Middle Shandong mountain and highland, East Liaoning and Shandong mountain and highland, Huai river, middle and lower reaches of Yangtz river, north east plain. These are the important rural areas, where are the most important agricultural zones, dense of rural settlements and population. Huai river, middle and lower reaches of Yangtz River, north China plain, Guangdong-,GuangxkFujian highland plain and north China mountain and highland are most quickly expan-ded and the most serious areas in cultivated land loss with the decrease of the rural population and the urbanization process. Therefore, it is of great significance to stipulate the relevant polices to manage the rural land and to economize the land resource.