庐山土壤动物群落结构研究

STUDY ON THE SOIL ANIMAL COMMUNITY IN LUSHAN MOUNTAIN

通过对庐山6种生境中土壤动物群落的定位调查,共获得土壤动物33类,分别隶属于4门11纲23目,其中线虫类和弹尾类等属于优势类群.土壤动物在土体中的表聚性强,绝大部分集中分布于A层(0-5cm).对Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ4种不同生境间土壤动物群落的种类组成、数量分布、多样性以及相似性进行的对比分析表明:生境条件越优越,土壤动物的种类越丰富(如混交林和黄山松林);土壤动物群落的物种丰富度越大、个体数量分布越均匀,群落多样性越高(表现为H指数和DIC指数均是林下(阳坡)灌木草本发达、土壤有机质含量丰富、生境异质性高的黄山松林和混交林高于灌草丛和柳杉林)生境条件较差的灌草丛与柳杉林最相似,相似性最低的是混交林与灌草丛.

Based on the investigations of soil animals in six sampling points of Lushan Mountaion in September during 1998-2000, there are 33 genera soil animals collected, which belong to 4 phyla classes and 23 orders. Among therm, the superior sorts are Nematoda, Formicidae, Collembola and Acarina. Surface aggregation in the soil is another obvious character of the soil animals in Lushan Mountain, which is reflected by that the majority lived in the range of depth 0-5cm and decreased with the soil bed deepening. Moreover, the comparative analysis of the forest soil animal communities' species composition, distribution, diversity and similarity among the Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅴ,and Ⅵ sampling points states that the better the habitat conditions is, the richer the soil animals and the higher the community diversity indexes (H index and DIC index)are. As for the similarity coefficient of species, the one between Community Ⅲ and Community Ⅵ is the highest while the lowest between Community Ⅱ and Community Ⅵ.